Thanks for the reply.
The installer isn't the issue, I've already installed Mac OS. The problem is booting into the system using Chameleon.
Using the setup flash drive you can boot into whatever partition you want, including the one I use for my Mac OS install. If I try to boot into it from there it works fine. I see the loading screen with the grey background with the apple logo and then the system loads up perfectly.
If I boot straight from the hard drive drive I'm met with Chameleon, I'm offered to pick a partition from my list like on the installer's bootloader, and Chameleon starts loading my Mac system after I pick it, again with the grey loading screen, but the system never really starts up, the loading screen stays there forever.
If I boot with -v, everything loads up on Chameleon just like it does when booting from the flash drive, but on Chameleon when it reaches the point where the system is meant to switch to the GUI / load the desktop, nothing happens. It just stops working. I can type stuff in at that point but it does nothing, and keys are interpreted in a weird way. Things like arrow keys, num lock, etc actually print text.